The WAYNE PAT was designed as a multi-purpose instrument for enhancing peripheral awareness in addition to other visual-motor skills. Although a number of excellent instruments have been available for certain types of developmental vision training, none were specifically designed for peripheral awareness training. Hence the need for PAT. According to traditional theory, peripheral vision cannot be trained, but peripheral awareness can be enhanced. The value of peripheral awareness cannot be over emphasized in team activities, such as football, hockey, basketball, volley ball, etc. as well as in the individual sports of tennis, racquetball, gymnastics, golf, etc.
In addition to enhancing peripheral awareness, PAT can be used for developing rapid eye-hand coordination, increasing reaction time to a visual stimulus and integrating visual and directional responses—all of which are needed to maximize proficiency in athletics.
PAT is a compact instrument containing an Intel micro-computer and eight peripheral target lights. It is programmed to perform the following functions:
- Test peripheral awareness and reaction time in eight field locations.
- Display the actual reaction time (1/100 sec.) for each random target light position.
- Train peripheral awareness by forcing central fixation while simultaneously responding to a peripheral target light.
- Adjust stimulus speed automatically to compensate for trainee's proficiency.
To fully appreciate all functions of PAT, it is imperative that you read the manual thoroughly. Until then, the following summary will guide you through some of the basic steps.
- Remove all components from the carton making sure to identify each item.
- Select a permanent location for mounting PAT.
- Vertically mount the aluminum strip on the wall so that the Velcro material faces you (screws enclosed).
- Press PAT firmly against the aluminum strip at the selected height to permit the Velcro on the back of PAT to adhere to the Velcro on the aluminum strip.
- Since the two Velcro materials can be separated, PAT can be easily removed and adjusted to any eye-level height.
- Install the peripheral arms as follows:
There are eight peripheral rods--six long and two short.
Hold PAT in one hand. Install the short rods first. Firmly grasp the rod near the plug end. With a slight rotary motion insert the plug end into the hole located at the 12 o'clock position.
Repeat above instructions with the second short rod at the 6 o'clock position.
- Install the other six rods into the remaining holes. Be sure to rotate each rod so that the lights are facing forward.
- Plug the Joystick connector into the black speaker box connector.
- Set the PAT controls as follows:
DISPLAY: Testing
MODE: OFF
60 SECOND TIMER: OFF
- Plug the Power Supply Unit into a wall outlet.
- Slide the MODE Switch to the 8 Lights-touch Position. Instantly the display will flash 888 and all peripheral target lights will be "ON." It will take from 1/10 second to 3 seconds for the display to blank out, and all peripheral target lights will be "OFF."
NOTE: If above does not happen, slide the MODE Switch to "OFF" and then switch it back to the 8 Lights-touch Position. If necessary repeat this procedure until the display and all the lights are "OFF".
- Now depress the Joystick START/STOP Button once. The center light and the green run light will now be "ON".
- Depress the START/STOP Button a second time to extinguish the green run light. The center light and the display will be "ON".
The peripheral target lights will now sequence "ON" in a clockwise direction. Each light will remain lit for two seconds. Check to be certain each of the eight lights go "ON".
NOTE: If peripheral target light does not light up, it could indicate improper contact. Should this occur, firmly push and rotate the plug into the hole. If the light does not go on, repeat step 11.
- Depress the START/STOP Button. The green run light will now be "ON".
- Fixate at the center light (which may be either yellow or red).
- A peripheral target light will light up within 4 seconds.
- Gently but rapidly push the joystick in the direction of the lighted peripheral target light.
- Shortly another peripheral target light will appear. Again push the joystick in the direction of the light. The Joystick should not be grasped with the fist; better results are obtained when only the fingers are used.
- Repeat above until all the eight peripheral target lights have appeared. PAT will then automatically display the actual reaction and peripheral awareness time in hundreths of a second. This will be repeated for each of the eight peripheral target lights.
- Depress the START/STOP Button to start the test over again.
Now that you have PAT mounted and are familiar with the Testing mode, let us turn our attention to the Training mode.
Set the controls as follows:
| DISPLAY SWITCH | MODE SWITCH | 60 SECOND TIMER |
|---|
| #Correct responses | 8 Lights-touch | OFF |
- Depress the START/STOP Button. The green light will go "ON" and the center light will slowly flash "ON" and "OFF'. If this does not occur, turn MODE Switch "OFF" and repeat.
- While the center light flashes "ON" and "OFF", a peripheral target light will also go "ON". To score a point, the trainee must move and hold the Joystick in any direction while both the center light and the peripheral target light are on together; then, when the center li^ht goes "OFF", he must immediately release the Joystick.
- If a pleasant "beep" tone is heard, it means that a point was scored and registered on the display. Another peripheral target light will then automatically go "ON" and the trainee must try to score another point.
- If a "buzz" tone is heard, it means that the trainee failed to score a point. Another peripheral target light will then automatically go "ON" and the trainee will have another chance to score a point.
The following will cause a "buzz" tone:
- The Joystick is moved when the center light is "OFF".
- The Joystick is released before the center light flashes "OFF".
- The Joystick is not released when the center light flashes "OFF".
- No attempt is made to score a point before the center light flashes "ON" six times.
The following three switches are on the front of PAT:
1. DISPLAY SWITCH
Used in both Training and Testing procedures.
1.1. Stimulus speed
The rate or speed that the center light (the stimulus) flashes "ON" and "OFF" is controlled by the micro-computer. The faster the speed, the higher will be the number read on the display panel. ("100" is the fastest speed, which represents between 120 - 200 random pulses/minute.) The slower the speed, the lower will be the number read on the display panel. ("I" is the slowest speed which represents between 15-30 random pulses/ minute.)
When PAT is first switched on, the display panel will read "50", which represents between 35 - 55 random pulses/minute. For every correct response (or point), the speed of the display will increase two counts, and for every incorrect response, the speed on the display will decrease one count. Therefore, the goal is for the trainee to reach and maintain a speed of "100".
1.2. % Correct
The computer automatically calculates the percentage of correct responses and displays it continuously on the display panel. The percentage of correct responses is calculated by the following formula:
(correct responses / total responses) X 100
Example: A score of "75" indicates that 75% of the time the trainee's response was correct and 25% of the time the trainee's response was incorrect. The goal is for the trainee to score "100".
1.3. # Correct responses
The actual number of correct responses (a point) will be displayed continuously on the display panel. In this mode, training should be timed by switching the 60 SECONDS TIMER Switch to "ON" or by using a clock.
1.4. Testing:
For testing peripheral response and reaction time.
2.1. 8 Lights-Touch
To score a correct response (point), the Joystick may be positioned in any direction irrespective of which peripheral target light is "ON".
2.2. 4 Lights-Position
To score a correct response (point), the Joystick must be positioned in the direction of the quadrant that includes the peripheral target light which is "ON". This mode may be used with the .
2.3. 8 Lights-Position
To score a correct response (a point), the Joystick must be positioned exactly to the direction of the peripheral target light that is "ON".
3. 60 SECOND TIMER
In the Training Mode the elapsed time can be pre-set to 60 seconds. This switch must then be in the "ON" position. At the end of 60 seconds, the green run light will go "OFF" and the display freezes and all activity stops.
Set DISPLAY Switch to the other positions to determine the % Correct responses and the # Correct responses, and the computer Stimulus speed.
DIAGNOSTIC PERIPHERAL AWARENESS TESTING
PAT measures and records the exact time it takes the trainee to respond to a peripheral target light in eight positions of the peripheral field. After eight lights have appeared at random, each light will again appear in a clockwise sequence. As each light is illuminated the counter will display the exact time in seconds that it took the trainee to respond to each peripheral light. The reaction time can then be plotted and recorded using a graph similar to (FIGURE I ).
Trainee should be positioned away from the center light according to the required peripheral angle (see FIGURE II).
Set controls as follows:
| DISPLAY SWITCH | MODE SWITCH | 60 SECOND TIMER |
|---|
| Testing | 8 Lights-touch | OFF |
- Instruct trainee to fixate on the center light (not green run light).
- Depress the Start/Stop Reset Button until the green light is "ON".
- After two to five seconds (random time) one of the peripheral target lights will go "ON".
- The instant trainee sees a lit peripheral target light he must apply a slight pressure to move the Joystick in any direction and then he must release it instantly.
- After a time lapse from two to five seconds, another peripheral target light appears. Trainee then repeats Steps #4 and #5 until all eight peripheral target lights have been lit.
- The green run light will now go "OFF".
- The top peripheral target light will be "ON" and the display will read-out the time it took trainee to respond to that light and each of the other lights.
For integrating directionality with response time interval the Joystick must be moved in the direction of the peripheral target light.
Set controls as follows:
| DISPLAY SWITCH | MODE SWITCH | 60 SECOND TIMER |
|---|
| Testing | 8 Lights-position | OFF |
Be sure to plot the results on the graph in figure 1.
Reducing Stimulus Speed For Slow Trainee
Set controls as follows:
| DISPLAY SWITCH | MODE SWITCH | 60 SECOND TIMER |
|---|
| Stimulus Speed | 8 Lights-touch | OFF |
- Depress Start/Stop Button until the green light is "ON" and the center light flashes "ON" and "OFF" slowly.
- Rapidly move Joystick from side to side until the display reads out a stimulus speed of "I". The center light will now be flashing "ON" and "OFF" at the slowest speed.
When PAT is turned "ON" the Stimulus Speed will automatically be "50". The speed will then slowly be reduced each time a buzz is heard. For each correct response the Stimulus Speed will increase, a beep will be heard and a point recorded.
- Center light on PAT should be at trainee's eye level.
- The required peripheral angle determines position of trainee (see chart II).
Set the controls as follows:
| DISPLAY SWITCH | MODE SWITCH | 60 SECOND TIMER |
|---|
| #Correct responses | 8 Lights-touch | ON |
- Depress Start/Stop Button until green light is "ON".
- Follow Basic Training Mode procedure. Exception: Mode Switch is now in the 8 Light-Position. To score in this setting, the Joystick must be precisely positioned.
- The green light will go "OFF" at the end of 60 seconds. The display will read-out the number of correct responses.
- Move the Display Switch to the % Correct responses for percentage score read-out. Move the Display Switch to the Stimulus Speed for a read-out of the level of stimulus.
Example of a high score:
# Correct responses = 20
% Correct responses = 95
Stimulus Speed = 90
Example of a low score:
# Correct responses = 5
% Correct responses = 25
Stimulus Speed = 40
TRAINING IN COMPETITION WITH THE COMPUTER
Set the controls as follows:
| DISPLAY SWITCH | MODE SWITCH | 60 SECOND TIMER |
|---|
| Stimulus Speed | 8 Lights-position | OFF |
- Repeat training procedure for Basic Training Mode.
- Display will read-out "50". Each correct response will increase the speed two points; each incorrect response will decrease the speed by one point. The goal is to maintain a high Stimulus Speed (maximum is "100").
- This activity is easier when the Mode Switch is in the 8 Lights-touch position.
- The Display Switch position can be changed at an time to % Correct responses or # Correct responses.
In advanced training programs, two trainees can compete simultaneously by using two Joysticks. A DUAL JOYSTICK COUPLER is available from the manufacturer. This would connect two Joysticks into PAT.
Set the controls as follows for either the Testing or Training Mode.
- Position two trainees at least 10 ft. from the center light.
- Two trainees respond to the center light and the peripheral target lights either as a team or in competition with each other.
- Increase competition and fun by having each trainee announce his turn.
Using PAT In Visual Training
Set the controls as follows:
| DISPLAY SWITCH | MODE SWITCH | 60 SECOND TIMER |
|---|
| Testing | 8 Lights-touch | OFF |
- Position trainee approximately 10 ft. away from front of PAT.
- Trainee should not fixate on center light.
- Depress Start/Stop Button so that the green light is "ON".
- Trainee responds to the peripheral target light with a slight pressure on the Joystick in any direction.
- After each of the 8 peripheral target lights have appeared, they will then proceed to sequence "ON" in a clockwise direction.
- Trainee responds as follows:
- Fixates on the lit peripheral target light.
- Shifts fixation to the display when light sequences to another position.
- Reads aloud the numbers indicated while fixating on the display.
- Shifts fixation to the next target light position.
- Repeats procedure as each peripheral target light appears sequentially in a clockwise direction.
- May wear anaglyph glasses. Red lens should be placed over the suppressing eye. Prisms and Plus/Minus lenses may also be worn.
- Tape a high negative diopoter lens over the display to reduce the size of the display numbers.
- For additional visual training procedures, set the controls as follows:
| DISPLAY SWITCH | MODE SWITCH | 60 SECOND TIMER |
|---|
| # Correct responses | 8 Lights-touch | ON or OFF |
| or | or | |
| % Correct responses | 8 Lights-position | ON or OFF |
| or | or | |
| STIMULUS SPEED | 4 Lights-position | ON or OFF |
| | or | |
| STIMULUS SPEED | BALANCE BOARD | ON or OFF |
USING PAT WITH THE WAYNE ELECTRONIC BALANCE BOARD
In lieu of using the Joystick, substitute the Wayne Electronic Balance Board.
Testing procedure
Set controls as follows:
| DISPLAY SWITCH | MODE SWITCH | 60 SECOND TIMER |
|---|
| Testing | 4 Lights-position | OFF |
- Plug the Balance Board into PAT via the optional BALANCE BOARD COUPLER.
- Trainee holds the Balance Board Reset Control in his hand while maintaining balance on the Balance Board.
- Trainee depresses the Reset Control once and the green run light will go "ON".
- Trainee tilts Balance Board in the direction of the lit peripheral target light and immeditely returns to balance, (quadrant position only).
- After responding to the quadrant peripheral target lights, PAT will display the reaction time to each light position.
- Depress the Reset Control Button and PAT will automatically return to the quadrant light mode.
Training procedure
Set controls as follows:
| DISPLAY SWITCH | MODE SWITCH | 60 SECOND TIMER |
|---|
| #Correct responses | 4 Lights-position | ON |
Use the optional Balance Board Coupler to plug the Balance Board into PAT.
- Trainee balances on the Balance Board.
- Trainee depresses the Reset Control once and green light will flash "ON" and "OFF."
- When both the peripheral target light and the center light are on together, trainee tilts the Balance Board in the direction of the peripheral target light.
- Trainee remains off balance until the center light flashes "OFF" and then immediately returns to the balanced position before center light goes "ON". Otherwise the point will not be scored and a buzz tone will sound.
- Display records the correct number of responses.
- Switch to % Correct responses for read-out of the percentages of correct responses.
Accessories Available For PAT
See the product description.
MAINTENANCE AND SERVICE WARRANTY
Under normal use PAT should provide many years of trouble-free service.
PAT comes with a one year warranty against parts and labor. Damage due to abuse is not covered under the warranty.
Important: PAT contains a micro-computer which on occasion can "hang-up" due to a glitch or noise in your power line. Should this occur, turn the Mode Switch to Power "OFF" and then turn it back "ON" again.
When service is required, contact manufacturer before returning equipment.
Wayne Engineering